Japan’s foreign resident population has soared to an unprecedented 3.8 million, marking its third consecutive year of record growth. New figures highlight a significant demographic shift, as the nation increasingly relies on international talent and labor to support its evolving society and economy.

Booming Growth and Key Demographics

As of the end of 2024, Japan was home to 3,768,977 foreign residents. This represents a substantial increase of over 357,000 individuals, or 10.5%, compared to the previous year, underscoring a rapid influx of people into the country.

• Gender Balance: The foreign population is nearly split between genders, with 1,913,516 men (50.8%) and 1,855,431 women (49.2%).
• Main Residence Types:
  • Permanent residents form the largest group, numbering 918,116.
  • The number of “trainees” (under skills transfer programs) saw a significant jump of over 52,000, reaching 456,595.
  • Students also increased notably by over 61,000, totaling 402,134. These figures point to a strong flow of individuals seeking professional and educational opportunities.

Where Are They From? Where Do They Live?

The data also reveals the top countries of origin for these residents and their distribution across Japan.

• Top Countries of Origin:
  • China remains the largest group with 873,286 residents.
  • Vietnam follows with 634,361 residents, also showing the biggest year-on-year increase (over 69,000).
  • South Korea ranks third with 409,238 residents.
• Main Cities and Regions:
  • Tokyo continues to host the largest foreign population, with 738,946 residents, making up nearly 20% of the national total.
  • Other prefectures with significant numbers include Osaka (333,564), Aichi (331,733), Kanagawa (292,450), and Saitama (262,382).

This sustained growth and increasing diversity within Japan’s borders are set to have a lasting impact on its society, economy, and cultural fabric, as the nation continues to adapt to new demographic realities.